SQL Operators
SQL Operators are used in SELECT statements to perform mathematical and logical operations on operands.
Before you begin
Unary Operators
Sign
| Operator | Description | Example | Result |
+ or - | apply a sign to a numeric data type | SELECT -1 | -1 |
Bitwise
| Operator | Description | Example | Binary representation | Binary Result |
! | Not inverts all the bits of the operand using Two’s complement | SELECT !5; | 0101 | 1010 –> (-8)+(0)+(2)+(0) = -6 |
Binary Operators
Logical
| Operator | WHERE condition returns true when… | Examples |
= | both operands are equal. | select _id from products WHERE price = 52.50; |
!= | both operands are not equal. | select stock from products WHERE price != 0.50; |
AND | both conditions match the operand. | select * from products WHERE stock > 20 AND price < 10; |
BETWEEN | the operand is within the range of two integer values | select * from products WHERE stock BETWEEN 0 AND 100; |
LIKE | the operand matches the specified pattern. | select * from products WHERE prodlist LIKE '%play%'; |
OR | either condition matches the operand | select * from products WHERE prodlist LIKE '%pla%' OR stock < 20; |
Comparison
| Operator | WHERE condition returns True when… | Examples |
< | the operand on the left is less than the operand on the right. | SELECT 1 WHERE 10 < 100; |
> | the operand on the left is greater than the operand on the right. | SELECT 1 WHERE 10 > 1; |
<= | the operand on the left is less than or equal to the operand on the right. | SELECT 1 WHERE 10 >= 10; |
>= | the operand on the left is greater than or equal to the operand on the right. | SELECT 1 WHERE 10 <= 11; |
Arithmetic
| Operator | Description | Examples |
+ | Add two operands. | SELECT 1+1; |
- | Subtract two operands. | SELECT 1-1; |
* | Multiply two operands. | SELECT 12*11; |
/ | Divide two operands. | SELECT 120/12; |
% | Modulo divides two operands then returns the remainder or signed remainder. | SELECT 5%3; |
Bitwise
| Operator | Description | Example | Binary representation | Binary Result |
& | And sets each bit to 1 where both bits are 1 | SELECT 5 & 1 | 0101 & 0001 | 0001 |
| | Or sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits = 1 | SELECT 5 | 1 | 0101 | 0001 | 0101 |
<< | The second operand determines the number of zeroes to insert to the right which then shifts left the value of the first operand. | SELECT 5 << 1; | 0101 << 1 | 1010 |
>> | The second operand determines the number of zeroes to remove from the right which then shifts right the value of the first operand. | SELECT 5 >> 1; | 0101 >> 1 | 0010 |
String
| Operator | Description | Example | Result |
|| | Concatenate two strings into a single string. | SELECT 'CON' || 'CAT'; | CONCAT |
FeatureBase also supports standard operators: